ERK signaling is required for eye-specific retino-geniculate segregation.

Brain Plasticity and Learning Based Therapy

We examined the role of ERK pathway in the segregation of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) afferents in the dorsal-lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN). Our results demonstrate that the blockade of P-ERK abolishes the eye-specific segregation in the dLGN providing evidence that ERK is crucial for the development of retino-geniculate connections. In particular we show that ERK mediates this process both...

Early and rapid targeting of eye-specific axonal projections to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the fetal macaque.

The emergence of eye-specific axonal projections to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) is a well established model system for exploring the mechanisms underlying afferent targeting during development. Using modern tract tracing methods, we examined the development of this feature in the macaque, an Old World Primate with a visual system similar to that of humans. Cholera toxin beta fr...

All-trans Retinoic Acid Regulates the Balance of Treg-Th17 Cells through ERK and P38 Signaling Pathway

An autoradiographic study of the retino-cortical projections in the tree shrew (Tupaia glis).

An autoradiographic study of the retino-cortical projections in the tree shrew In the past few years the mode of convergence of information from the two eyes in the monkey cortex has been the subject of several studies, physiologicaP 1 and anatomical12,13,16, 2°. It is clear that binocular convergence at the cellular level does not occur to any important extent in layer IVC, which is divided ve...

Cannabinoid Receptor CB2 Modulates Axon Guidance

Navigation of retinal projections towards their targets is regulated by guidance molecules and growth cone transduction mechanisms. Here, we present in vitro and in vivo evidences that the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) is expressed along the retino-thalamic pathway and exerts a modulatory action on axon guidance. These effects are specific to CB2R since no changes were observed in mice where th...